The Quality of Risk Management in the Civil Engineering PowerPoint Presentation

The Quality of Risk Management in the Civil design - PowerPoint Presentation ExampleIn some cases only money is at stake, but all these concerns mustiness be brought to bear during the planning process and identify so that ratings of the inherent dangers atomic number 18 efficient. Additional statistics are provided to allow for comparison and evaluation in diverse industries to permit a to a greater extent thorough taking into custody of risk calculation strategies as hearty as the ramifications of inadequate considerations. This investigation categorizes various forms of risk and provides recommendations relating to timetables, and the budgetary constraints that are inherent in any such endeavor. A brief history of the international grammatical look commercialise has been researched with implications that can be felt around the world. New regulatory paradigms are touched upon, in which project organizers are required to develop a mastery not only of the legal constraints o f their hold state of matter, but also of the interplay between multinational financing and local laws. Differences which foreign contractors must keep in mind relate to the availability of construction equipment, local labor practices and regulations, and in some cases the actual semipolitical stability of the region. These difficulties must be itemized before scheduling, before the budget is finalized, and before the first shovel touches the construction site. The construction industry itself is expressed in a global sense, and this project describes the implications of international pursuit that is expense over $3 trillion annually. (Bon, 2000) while it is true that most recently the United States has been the largest single market for construction, when the fortunes of a country become favorable that creates a climate of intensified economic activity which in and of itself can encourage foreign investment in both directions. A stable and profitable country is an excellent p ut down for other investors to set up shop. Furthermore, when a country becomes a good place to do business, financial interests within that country are then more able to find more foreign investments raising the prospects of other countries, such as China, for example. This research provides advice for budgetary planners in the quantification of risk, as well as the awareness of the need for surplus planning, cushioning in terms of money and time that should be included in the initial cost calculations for projects of international importance in civil engineering. There has been respectable recognition worldwide of the needs of risk management in the civil engineering sphere and a variety of theoretical methodologies fork over been pioneered by experts in this field. The details of various management and risk evaluation criteria for engineering projects are also discussed. METHODS There is an assumption in this article, and among other researchers that risk can be boiled down in relatively simplistic equation format Risk equals =likelihood x consequences. (van Rijn, 2004.) Risk management criteria and various evaluation schemes are described herein. It is important for planners to make the delineation of a risk versus threat the uninformed are likely to identify as threatening even those events which have vanishingly small probability the distinction must be drawn between every achievable worst case scenario, and reasonable damages that are predictable for any project involving construction to a lower place the relevant circumstances. Accident statistics have been compiled to illustrate the discontinuity between what the public worries about and what is likely to injure the ordinary person.

Social science content standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social light content standards - Essay Exampletandards presents many good points as to how students preempt use their knowledge of hearty studies in the future, whatever that future might mean for each individual student. Not only does our plan help en fitting students the knowledge of past diachronic events of importance, only we also present them with the tools to be able to look at the past and see how it impacts and changes the present. The age old quote is only to apt here, those who do no know the past are doomed to repeat it. We give students the tools they need to know the glories, triumphs, as well as the worldly knowledge that comes from the failures and defeats that the past teaches us as well. It is important for students to learn and defy these slightons to their own lives, and see the connections between how choices can affect their own future, and how better choices can and often do lead to a better future.This ability to think and comprehend the past and how i t directly correlates to the present is all too apparent throughout our curriculum. We offer emphasis on the most important historical events, for nought is expected to memorize and know everything that has happen, but this also helps students learn how to discern between important events and those of less importance, and see how these events directly led to the presents. It is also our hope that students will be able to see historical trends that have happened through modern history, and by recognizing these they can begin to see not only what happened, but why those things happened.We also teach students the ability to look at documents associated with an era, and learn and appreciate how these documents all go together with the events of a time period to form an overall history. This is a vital task that can be applied to any future career or job, as reading and understanding documents is a task that all students will need to be able to have if they hope to be combative in the college level education field, or even in the work

Leprosy in the Middle Ages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leprosy in the Middle Ages - Essay ExampleThis essay focuses on the watchword of the Leprosy, or Hansens disease, that is an debilitating disease which has been prevalent for over 4,000 years, right from the ancient civilizations of China, India and Egypt. The researcher states that the earlier documented case of leprosy, supported by DNA evidence, is that of a man whose remains were discovered in a tomb next to the Old City of Jerusalem. The first recorded instance of leprosy is found in the Bible. It is probable that the disease spread to Europe from Egypt through with(predicate) Phoenician sailors in the 8th century. The word leprosy has its root in the Greek lepra, meaning a disease which makes the skin scaly. The primary external symptom is enounce skin lesions. It is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. If unchecked, this chronic bacterial transmission system can progressively ack-ack gun the skin, nerves, limbs and eyes, causing permanent damage, deformation, blin dness, loss of neural sensation, and local paralysis. The mode of transmission of the disease is still non certain. Poor living conditions, diet and genetic factors may predispose an individual to contact leprosy. Treatment for leprosy began with the creative activity of dapsone in the 1930s and complete cures were made possible by multidrug therapy in the 1980s. It is acknowledged that leprosy was a old(prenominal) disease in medieval Europe, and probably reached its peak during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. In the Middle Ages, leprosy was a heartrending problem which elicited unique social and medical responses. ... In the Middle Ages, leprosy was a serious problem which elicited unique social and medical responses. Leprosy was a feared condition throughout the Middle Ages. This may be largely attributed to ignorance of its causes and medical implications, and the absence of any recognized treatment or cure. The Medieval diagnosis of leprosy, was a prediction of disf igurement and death, and what is perhaps more terrifying, it separated a man from society because of the infection he carried outwardly and the moral corruption that lay within him (Covey, 2001, 316). Biblical references supported this reaction to the disease. The legion(predicate) references to leprosy in the Bible largely give leprosy a connotation of being a disease of the unclean. This is patent in the passage from Leviticus 13 4446 which states, Now whosoever shall be defiled with the leprosy, and is separated by the judgment of the priest, shall have his clothes hanging loose, his head bare, his mouth covered with a cloth, and he shall birdcall out that he is defiled and unclean. All the time that he is infected and unclean, he shall dwell exclusively without the camp (Covey, 2001, 316). In effect, the Bible condemned leprosy as a defilement and sanctioned the banishment of lepers from society. The most reciprocal attitude toward leprosy was ostracism, rising from the fea r that leprosy was a highly contagious disease. In the light of this fear of contacting leprosy through association with lepers, medieval laws enforced segregation of lepers in various manners in different places. The 1276 assizes of London restricted the freedom of movement of lepers by banning them from residing in the city. This was followed by

Customer service Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Customer service - Assignment casefuljectives of the infixed customers with that of the outside(a) stakeholders such as, supply chain, in grade to significantly contribute towards satisfying expectations of the last-place consumers.The paper evaluates the case of WalMart, a global retailer, where it would focus on the way in which the company meets inescapably and expectations of the internal customers. WalMart as a global retailer operates on the basis of a total manpower of around 2.2 million. In the United States alone, the company employs approximately 1.3 million people. The company operates through a bulky number of stores located worldwide, which function based on empowering the people to work for enhancing the status and position of the kind communities (Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 2014).Internal customers related to a business organization constitute the different members and stakeholders that contribute in effectual accomplishment of the business objectives. Relating t o a retail organization, individuals that help in running the business are set as the potential internal customers. The management is required to properly understand and meet the expectations and needs of the internal customers such that internal individuals or the staff related to the different departments and the supplier groups are largely motivated to satisfy business objectives of the retail organization. Furthermore, the management is also required to generate effective service slant standards, thereby designing the training and evaluation programs so as to help in assessing and enhancing performance aim of the staff so as to generate greater retail productivity (Wrice, 2004). Internal customers are identify as individuals or groups in an organization who manage the product or service in order to make the same ready for external customers. Hence, the staff operating in the production line or the sales staff dealing with semi-processed products and services is recognized as internal customers. Similar to external

Organisational Insights Analytical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organisational Insights Analytical - Essay Examplenies play at contrastive commercializes and engage in different industries, they are of equal scale in terms of organisational structure and number of employees. Comparing and contrasting both(prenominal) companies with respect to their individual industries will provide significant insights on the nature of organisations, in general. sacrosanct trade Position in Scarborough The company has a strong retail brand that built a genius for selling quality goods at bargain price (Boyes, 2006). Boyes strong market position in Scarborough enhances the client perception, company reputation, provides economies of scale and presents a platform to launch new products. It also enhances the brand image of the company. Strong market position enables the company to penetrate the market more effectively and process a coarse range of customers. (Best R. J., 1997)Balanced Product Mix Boyes, Scarborough is engaged in operating a chain of divis ion stores. The companys key products include apparels, accessories, confectionery, cosmetics, electrical appliances, furniture, gifts, groceries, house wares, home decorative, stationery and toys. They sell to the highest degree everything for the home and family (Boyes, 2006). A balanced product mix coupled with friendly and helpful services allowed Boyes to serve multiple customer segments which heighten its revenue growth. It provides greater choice to customers and encourages customer loyalty. (Best R. J., 1997)High dependence on Scarborough Boyes is heavily dependent on the Scarborough market. Concentration of operations in the Scarborough area makes the company vulnerable to market conditions and environmental instability in this area. It puts the company in a competitive disadvantage relative to rivals and competitors with bigger presence in different market geographical areas (Porter, 1985). As a business based more often than not in UK, Boyes is particularly exposed to any economic downturn which affects customer spending.Expanding product

Ethical behavior in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical behavior in business - Essay ExampleThis incident is a proficient matter that should not be treated put downly. To clean up the mess the company has to invest millions of dollars, just the damage caused by the spillage hurt the ecosystem and killed thousands of animals. Big Dirty Oil faces an ethical dilemma in regard to how the firm should approach the problem. This essay includes the view and perspective of three stakeholders chief executive officer, local fisherman, and the shareholders of the company.The chief executive officer of a company is the person that has the most power within an organization. When a firm faces any controversial situations the CEO must act as the spokesman of the organization. The oil spillage that occurred off the coast of British Columbia and Alaska was a major crisis that had to be attended to immediately. The CEO of the company must find a balance betwixt doing the right thing and maximizing shareholders wealth. Maximizing shareholders w ealth is the goal of all publicly traded companies. In light of the sensitive situation the CEO should have reacted in a different manner. The current position of the CEO is that the incident was a tragedy and he offered two million dollars to aid in the clean up. The design of the CEO was outrageous due to the fact that it could cost hundreds of millions of dollars to properly clean up the area. The CEO acted in an unethical manner. Instead of facing up to the problem he dismissed the protests against the company by vocation the protesters the outpourings of Greenies and other fanatics. The reality was that the company had polluted thousands of square meters of water and killed thousands of fish and wildlife in the region. These creatures no long-life had a habitat to live. The stance taken by the CEO was wrong. He cared more about the quarterly profits of the company than about the well being of thousands of animals and hundreds of fishermen that depended on fishing in the reg ion day-to-day to support their families.The fishermen in

Cross-Cultural Management Skills in a Business Environment Research Paper

Cross-Cultural Management Skills in a Business Environment - Research Paper sheath socialization changes or evolves over time, defined and altered by interactions amongst those who make up human federation Culture is not monolithic because the human agents or actors who are imbued with intelligence and freedom give civilisation its dynamism through interaction and co-operation, giving rise to sub-cultures that add to societal diversity (Charon 2004, pp. 158-160). Culture is, therefore, a feature of a human parliamentary law shaped by the behaviour of every unmatchable in that society who lease and share that culture with future generations, affecting behaviour and outlook on life and determining how they think, feel, and act. Culture can be analysed using several perspectives and frameworks since it is visible to observers. Schein (2004, pp. 25-27) argued, in the context of business organisations, that these cultural manifestations wind from the very tangible and over that one can see and feel artefacts like organisational structures and processes, products and symbols of rituals, or architecture and art, to the deeply embedded, unconscious, basic assumptions such as beliefs, perceptions, thoughts and feelings that form its essence. In between are espoused beliefs, values, norms, and rules of behaviour that members of the society use to depict the culture to themselves and to others. To understand the culture of any group and/or to change it, one has to get at its underlying assumptions and understand how such basic assumptions came to be. The best way to change a culture is to change the basic assumptions, but this is difficult, time-consuming, and highly anxiety-provoking.

Ethic Case Opinion and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethic Case Opinion and Analysis - Essay ExampleThe rack up total of all the above challenges result in a gritty cost of push back which impacts negatively on the firm. Therefore, a worker-sensitive firm needs to institutionalize up a number of measures to curb this high toil costs, otherwise the beau monde might face a competitive disadvantage in the market. The measures put forth should be ethical and fair both to the firm and the workers or employees. In cases where the measures ar not fair, customers tend to distant themselves from the firms products or services and this impacts negatively on the firms share of the market. This is lots the cause of a crease gap between client prospect and what they basically get from the market. The interpret caused between the client and the firm interferes with the projected incomes and sales. It is worth noting that there is a need to identify univocal criteria through extensive research that relates to labor resources and service de livery. There are two main methods of managing labor costs, controlling staffing and adjusting salaries paid. In the face of competitive forces, a firm has to adapt quickly since it is essential for the company to react to the changing conditions. The other way of dealing with company downsizing is to act on employees number. The actions chosen need not be ruthless only if rather ethical. Actions such as compulsory aboriginal retirement or lay off in a firm need to be do in a selective manner. It is worth noting that the criteria chosen should take into consideration the needs of the workers. It should be germinal so as to draw and keep employees. However, it should not compromise the operational efficiency or shekels margins at any cost. It should be viable and reasonably ethical. Some of the ethical ways of reducing labor costs include job sharing and developing outreach programs. Question 2 The Golden Rule Do unto others as you would have others do unto you is an ecumenical and ethical standard that requires those who believe in it to consider the feelings and likes of others onward acting. It is often referred to as the ethic of mutual exchange. This rule has often been applied in solving business related problems among other worlds problems. This paper seeks to explore the application of the golden rule in business ethics. It is a rule in business worry that plays a big role in long shape success of a firm. Ethics does not always pay but rather presents a central challenge towards good management to constantly align success and responsibility in business. (Maxwell 122) Executive management in firms faces a lot of challenges in trying to apply this rule because of the conflicting behaviour of humanity nature. However the golden rule underlies and protects codes of business conducts and responsible consumption. Golden rule actually works in a competitive business this is because workers tend to be more motivated since they will have a feeling of b eing appreciated in their work. They will further put their own initiative and stew in work with minimum or no supervision as long as they are provided with good working environment. This is a policy that makes one feel respected. This does not only apply to the workers but also to the customers. Everyone wants to be treated with honor and respect in ways that enrich

Describe and then critically analyze a recently published Article

Describe and then critically analyze a recently published pathophysiology research - Article ExampleThere are dickens main species of malaria worldwide which cause the majority of cases. plasmodium vivax has been considered for a long time as a benign and self-limited species, while Plasmodium falciparum is the species known to cause serious disease and death. Plasmodium vivax accounts for the majority of malaria cases in the Brazilian Amazon region. Recently there have been reports that malaria caused by P. vivax may be as severe as P. falciparum. The complications of P. vivax infection represent a significant global health menace, which needs centre efforts to work for its resolution. In severe falciparum malaria, as in many other arrangementic infections, most of the pathology that is draw seems to be a consequence of an intense inflammatory response, produced by a pathological over-activation of the immune system and excessive cytokine release. However, there have been no p revious studies on the inflammatory and immunological view of twain mild and severe vivax malaria disease. In order to understand the immunopathological events in vivax malaria, and to differentiate its pathophysiology from P. falciparum, it is important to explore the chemical formula of cytokines released in patients suffering from P. vivax malaria. Discussion The purpose of the study by Andrade et al. was to investigate the inflammatory and immunological status of both mild and severe vivax malaria cases, and par them, in order to understand the immunopathological events in malaria by Plasmodium vivax infection. The researchers conducted the study in south-western part of Brazilian Amazon, which has an unstable transmission of malaria. They determined the active and passive cases of malaria, in both healthy people and those visiting the hospital. They included in their study patients with malaria admitted at the Buritis Municipal Hospital, and approached individuals, old 15 70 years, with home visits, who lived in high malaria transmission areas. They took an interview from the participants who agreed to be a part of the study with questions about the symptoms of malaria fever, chills, jaundice, etc. They also took venous caudex samples from the participants for investigations. These investigations included peripheral blood smear and PCR for malaria diagnosis, and inflammatory markers blood levels plasma cytokines IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). They also measured ALT, creatinine, and C reactive protein (CRP) levels in the blood. They then analyzed the data and used chi-square test and Spearmans correlation to compare the inflammatory markers levels between patients with severe malaria, non-severe malaria, and asymptomatic infection with P. vivax. They reported from their results that patients with severe P. vivax infection were younger, had lived for a shorter termination of time in the endemic area of malaria , and had experienced less previous malaria episodes than individuals with no malaria infection or asymptomatic infection. Strong linear trends were found to associate inflammatory markers with severe disease. Increasing plasma levels of CRP, blood serum creatinine, bilirubin, TNF and IFN-gamma were associated with increasing disease severity. These laboratory parameters of organ dysfunction and inflammatory cytokines started to decrease in the patients with

Process Centred Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Process Centred Management - Essay ExampleReengineering salmagundis harvest-timeion from a readiness specific de take time offmental lick to a product centred approach that looks at the end product and the team up effort required to create it.2.The Building Blocks. The organizational structure may need to change or adjust to cross- divisional communications to support the process centred instruction approach. The change lead require organization round outcomes rather than organization by tasks. In some cases customers may be able to complete part of the process thus eliminating a cost of or required personnel (not too popular among provide because it could cause lay-offs). This could take the form of automated ordering processes via the internet verses a call centre ground ordering remains. The organization must be prepared for flexibility and change and can do this by devising a strategy to support the change while supporting the workforce who will utensil the change.3. Impact on the organization. reposition rarely comes easy and change to a process centred management system is no exception. Change impacts production, employees, management, and the organizational structure. Change is most often designed to cut costs and to affix profits.Employees are the ones that seem to be affected the most by change in management systems. Change from a skills or department approach to a process centred outcome approach may not come easily if it means a reduction in force (lay offs). Ownership of the change makes the change a whole lot easier. The employees will need to adjust to working toward an outcome (process) instead of a single task. This requires adopting a team approach and requires the employees to learn a whole process rather than a step in the process. Job design, job enlargement, and job enrichment all impact the worker. In short, the job gets harder and the employee needfully to know and learn more. The employee transitions from worker to profess ional. Information sharing is a very important part of process centred management. Information can be shared by different team members instead of one department gathering information to pass on to another department for processing. Jobs and job descriptions will need to be reengineered to support the process centred approach. The decision point may need to shift in the organization from higher(prenominal) management down to where the decisions are implemented. Performance measure is vital to successful process centred management because measurement is the foundation of improvement2. Quality Assurance (QA) provides the opportunity to correct or confirm product quality and marketability. What isnt metrical doesnt happen because there is no incentive, knowledge, or ownership(PPT06, Provided with Course). Quality assurance makes sure that the end product meets or exceeds customer satisfaction (demand). QA in a process centred organization is measure by results, growth, and surgical pr ocedure3. A QA method that organizations can use is Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA)4 to ensure that organizational activities support the process centred management approach and thus support production and marketing activities. 4.Changes required in organizational structure. Of all the changes incumbent when a switch to process centred management is adopted the change in organization structure will effect the organization the most. The whose in charge idea needs to change. Decision making power

Money supply Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Money fork over - Essay ExampleMoney dirty dog be held in three common forms paper money, metallic coins and money deposits to rims. Measurement of money supply is a critical act and various ways have been developed by economists to measure the aim of money supply in the economy. The high-powered money multiplier factor factor approach is an approach that considers the level of bank deposits by the private sector while determining money supply (Werner, 2005). According to this approach, the level of interchange deposits held by the bank plays the major role in determining money supply. High-powered money multiplier approach to credit creation The high-powered money multiplier is denoted by the letter H and is metric in terms of the summation of notes and coins held by the common population (C) and notes and coins held by the banks plus deposits maintained by banks at the telephone exchange bank (R). The mathematical formula for the stock of high-powered money H = C + R The l evel of money supply (M.S.) in an economy is measured by M.S. = C + D where C denotes notes and coins held by the common population and D denotes bank deposits made by private individuals or agents (DSouza, 2009). We can represent money supply in terms of the stock of high-powered money (denoted by H) and the high-powered money multiplier (denoted by h). The formula for high-powered money multiplier can be derived from the formula for the stock of high-powered money and the high-powered money multiplier (DSouza, 2009). M.S. = C + D -----------(1) H = C + R ------------(2) On dividing par (1) by equation (2) we get equation (3) On dividing the numerator and denominator of the right hand side of equation (3) by D we get Or, Or, Or, M.S. = h* H (7) Where, Therefore, M.S. = h* H, i.e, the level of money supply in the economy is the product of the high-powered money multiplier (h) and the stock of high-powered money (H) (DSouza, 2009). A number of assumptions are made prior to the devel opment this dumbfound measuring money supply. These assumptions have been described below Firstly, the stock of high-powered money (H) is considered as exogenously determined. It is not dependent on the functioning of the market forces. Secondly, C/D ratio is either a unremitting or is stable and predictable. If the rates of return on these investments remain constant, then the ratio of C/D would also remain constant. However, in reality, bank deposits offer interest rates whereas cash holding does not. Therefore, households as well as firms would be interested to make more deposits than hold liquid money. Thus, the C/D ratio is not a constant, but, is predictable. Sometimes the C/D ratio becomes unstable and unpredictable delinquent to changes in financial culture of the economy or high end technological innovations and changing cut back in spending methods towards use of plastic money (mostly due(p) to technological advancements) leafing to a come up in C/D ratio or lack of confidence on the banking system in the economy leading to an increase in liquid money holding and a subsequent cash advance in C/D ratio. The final assumption is related to the R/D ratio. It is the ratio of the reserves held by the banks at the Central bank and the liabilities of the bank and is considered as stable and predictable. The banks often try to keep up a high reserve with the central bank by acting in a risk-averse mode in order to protect itself in a situation of large sudden withdrawals by depositors. However, depending on the rate of interest, banks decide the tote up of money they would hold as interest bearing asset and the amount they would hold as reserves (earning no interest). The stock of high powered money also changes due to the change in government policies or total liabilities of the central bank and daily operations of the central banks. Change in high powered money is denoted by ?H. The value of ?H is given by the following equation Or, ?H = DEF ?GD + ET + MMA Where, Budget deficit (DEF), net sales of

IP1 Diversity in the Workforce Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IP1 Diversity in the Workforce - research Paper ExampleIt fosters equality in the distribution of imagings and opportunities (Page 2008). This document focuses on the importance of diversity in human resource section of Steel Mill Company.Steel Mill Company has chief(prenominal)tained its front-line surveillance staff for a long time because of the performance and experience from these top official employees which has helped in the criminal maintenance production levels and profits. However, the gild does not benefit from the approaches resulting from diversity thus the workforce demographics of the company have changed dramatically.The main objective of changing the management structure of the company by replacing the old human resource managers and front-line supervisors with a new lot of top official employees of the same ranks is to foster diversity in the company which may lead to profits and production as well as service delivery.Current nation projections indicate a ch ange in the future demographic profile of the United States. The population is pass judgment to rise from 296 million to 438 million people in a span of 45years and 82% of this population augment will be as a result of immigrants settling in the United States if the current population trends continue. The population of immigrants is estimated to reach 117 million people with an approximate of 67million adults, 47million children and 3million will total the sum of the grad generation of the immigrant society.The current trends indicate that 12% of born children born in the United States are of foreign origin. The racial and ethnic radar indicates that 67% of the total population in the United States is made up of whites and 14% are of Hispanic origin. Black people sum up to 13% of the total population art object 5% are Asians. The working population sums up to 63% while children below the age of 17years engage up 25% of the total population. The elderly group made of people

Pain Perception Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pain Perception - Article Example( MedicineNet.com) The animal(prenominal) distress is due to stimulation of nerves. Price excessively comes to that point later in this article. In accompaniment he tries to explain the intricacies of brain and the nervous system in relaying the feeling of disoblige. He calls it a sequential interaction. But according to him, the feeling or sensation of distressingness is the foremost factor. He says that this sensation is more tearing than other type of somatic sensations. He gives certain characteristics of disorder as - slow adaptation, temporal summation, spacial spread, spatial summation and unique sensory qualities. This can be understood by the different words used to describe pain like burning sensation or stinging or aching. He reiterates pain as a neural and psychological process.Then he proceeds to explain the intricacies of both these processes. The effect of pain gets contributions from other sensory processes that may be nocic eptive, exteroceptive and interoceptive. He says that there are many ascending pathways to several brainstem and cortical regions. Some of them project directly to brainstem and limbic system arenas from the spinal cord dorsal horn. Individual neurons many times project in three-fold pathways. These pathways relay nociceptive information to somatosensory cortices. Since the cortices are physically linked with cortico-limbic pathway, it is connected to other somatosensory input like seeing and hearing. This pathway converges with the same structure that is accessed by ascending spinal pathways. repayable to this dual convergence, multiple neural sources can contribute to pain lore. According to Cass Barnes, pain is a content of both mind and body. There is a controversy on this point on how much is it unfree on the mind and how much on brain. Brain forms the physical or the body part of pain where as mind forms the psychological part of pain. The International Association for t he Study of Pain defines pain as an repellent sensory and emotional experience. This definition makes pain like any other perception like resume or hearing. Cass explains that pain is processed in the brain and creates the perception of pain. This is in accordance with Price who also explains the processing of pain in the brain in great details. Cass cites a study done in 1997 where perception of pain was measured by PET scan. Pain was induced in the subjects by place their hands in ice cold water. The same was done where the subjects were hypnotized. PET scan results showed little pain in hypnotized state. The somatosensory cortex was highly activated in the hypnotized subjects that show perception of pain but the anterior cingulated cortex were less active in hypnotized subjects, showing less aversion to pain. Price also confirms that pain sensation and pain unpleasantness are two different things and the passion is affected by various psychological factors. He also cites the example of comparative perception of pain when the subjects are hypnotized. He comes to the conclusion that some psychological factors have selective influence on pain unpleasantness and some of them can alter pain unpleasantness as there is a change in the pain sensation. Thus the psychological factors have a very important role in pain and pain perception. Then he explains the secondary pain affect. It has a more projected implication that is related to its rising implications. The relation between pain unpleasantne

What motivational factors facilitate or hinder student performance in Essay

What motivational factors facilitate or hinder school-age child performance in the process of EFL learning - Essay ExampleThe importance of the topic on ascertain diverse motivational factors that influence academic learning in the EFL environment is to enable educators to apply lift out practices in contemporary setting. Most of the studies encountered acknowledged the importance of motivation in Second Language learnedness (SLA). Some studies discussed and proposed different motivational approaches, ranging from group processes (group norms and cohesiveness) focusing on the teachers instructional style and the educators ability to creatively provide examples that are vivid and acclimatized to local settings and also instructional interventions applied by educators in connector with self-regulating strategies applied by learners. There are studies that aimed to determine the effectiveness of the motivational strategies in enhancing the academic performance and understanding of ESL students. One would like to determine if these factors were effectively used by teachers in scheming motivational strategies. If so, were performance evaluation or monitoring measures been implemented to gauge the effectiveness of these strategies in creating a conducing learning environment for ESL learners. The articles check outed were published within the last seven years where one study, Chen, Warden, & Chang was the oldest, published in 2005 followed by Lambs article which was published in 2007 Guilloteaux & Dornyei in 2008 and finally, two articles that were covered in the review were published in 2010 Chang and Wong.... C. Goal of the Review The overall goal of the review, therefore, is to add new factors that fork out been deemed instrumental in propel ESL learners to manifest enhanced performance within contemporary setting. From the authoritative sources that stick out been evaluated, one recognized the value of incorporating culture, or specifically birthplace d ifferences (Wong, 2010) acclimatizing examples used to local settings (Lamb, 2007) and even differentiating lead distinct motivation orientations (instrumental, required, and integrative) where integration may not be a significant factor in motivating language learning effort (Chen, Warden, & Chang, 2005, p. 622) within the Chinese cultural context. With increased universality of recognizing revolution in culture and in emphasizing the need to integrate factors that have been proven to be motivating and improving the learning environment, the current literature review would present these findings for future applicability. II. Method Section A. old age Covered The articles reviewed were published within the last seven years where one study, Chen, Warden, & Chang was the oldest, published in 2005 followed by Lambs article which was published in 2007 Guilloteaux & Dornyei in 2008 and finally, two articles that were covered in the review were published in 2010 Chang and Wong. B. Preli minary Sources Used to Locate the Studies These sources were all searched from the TESOL Quarterly (four articles) and TESOL Journal (one article). The TESOL Quarterly is explicitly described as a refereed professional journal, fosters inquiry into English language teaching and learning by providing a forum for TESOL professionals to share their research

Food Advertising and Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Food Advertising and Marketing - Essay utilizationFoods marketed to children are predominantly high in sugar and fat, and as such are inconsistent with content dietary recommendations. The purpose of my dissertation will be to examine the food advertising and marketing channel used to target children and adolescents and the impact of food advertising on childrens eating behavior.Issue of fairness I believe like most parents and consumer nourishion groups that advertising directly to children is dangerous and unethical as it tolerate be deceptive and manipulative. It also promotes consumerism and poor nutritional habits to a defenseless target audience .To ca-ca awareness and promote stricter Regulations In the UK, as compared to many other European nations, there are currently few policies or standards for food advertising and marketing aimed at children. For example, The Nordic countries are at the straits of protecting children from the effects of advertising. Sweden has th e strictest controls in Europe and in 1991 instituted a ban on television and radiocommunication advertising targeted at children under the age of 12. The Swedish government views advertising to children as morally and ethically unacceptable, since children have difficulty distinguishing between the purpose of advertising and other modes of communication. In Belgium, it is forbidden to broadcast commercials during childrens programs as well as during the 5 minutes before and after them. (National Council of Better Business, 2003).So I believe that more research and abbreviation in this area is required in the UK to create more awareness of the enormousness of the issue at hand. This in turn would hopefully encourage the concerned authorities to introduce stricter laws to protect our children.A Need to explore all channels of Marketing When I examined the existing body of writings review on my chosen subject, I found that majority of the focus of the current and ongoing analysis of brand promotions to children is on television advertising. While the huge impact of television advertising on penetrable children cannot be denied, there also needs to be equal focus on other increasingly popular ways of advertising like the internet, schools, video games, movies, kids clubs etc. A good understanding of the preceding(prenominal) mentioned marketing techniques is essential to completely eradicate the corruption of childrens minds.Literature ReviewFood AdvertisingIt is estimated that in UK , the food industry spent in excess of 0.3 billion in 1999 promoting unhealthy food products.(Advertising connector Yearbook,2000). These are processed foods which contain high levels of fat and/or sugar and/or salt and hold confectionery, crisps and savory snacks, soft drinks and other so-called fast or pre-prepared convenience foods. In July 2001 Sustain published TV Dinners, a report which examines the nature and extent of food advertising during childrens TV programmes(S ustain,2001).The study shows that between 95% and 99% of the food advertising during childrens programming is for fatty and/or sugary and/or salty foods. Fatty and

Understanding strategic corporate social responsibility Essay

Understanding strategic corporate amicable responsibility - Essay utilizationOne of these is called strategic corporate social responsibility, an interesting perspective that is often equated with enlightened self-interest.Considerable standard of literature have been produced on the subject of the stakeholder concept. In addition to the identification of who these stakeholders are, attempts have been made to categorize them. Clarkson (1995) has divided them into primary stakeholders and secondary stakeholders. The former are those who are essential to the survival of the firm the owners/shareholders, customers, employees, communities, the government, and (contingently) suppliers and creditors. secondary winding stakeholders are those that are not essential to the firms survival but are affected by its trading operations these imply interest groups such as environmentalists, the media, intellectual critics, trade associations, and even competitors. An expansive view would includ e future generations and natural entities such as the earths atmosphere, oceans, terrain, other living creatures as part of the stakeholders. In this stakeholder model, the public assistance of each is an end in itself, not just a means to enrich or benefit investors. This is in contrast with the traditional concept which puts the interests of the investors/ shareholders as paramount.There are several definitions of corporate social responsibility, but in general, according to Buchholz (1992), the concept means that a private corporation has responsibilities to society that go beyond the production and sale of goods and services at a profit that the corporation has a broader constituency than the stockholders alone. side et al (1996) states that a corporation should be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities, and their environment.Further, the corporation relates to society by means of more than just the marketplace and serves a wider range of human determine than the traditional economic values that are dominant in the marketplace.

Gay Marriage Essay Example for Free

Gay Marriage EssayGay spousal relationships atomic number 18 a foundingwide issue of should it be allowed or non in todays societies and has been a topic for m any(prenominal) years. Gay marriage is a marriage between two people of said(prenominal) wind up or gender. There atomic number 18 demesnes and countries that are against scarce as well as for corresponding arouse marriage. It has been a problem about whether same sex copulates should be able to marry since 1971. It was later considered it was not profound for same sex marriage and tradition for marriage in the United States has been designed as heavy commitment between a man and a woman. However, homosexual relationships are increasingly gaining the interest of credence in our country. Vermont was the first state to introduce civil sums in July of 2002, and the first state to legalize same sex marriage without being required to do so by court(Goodnough, A. 2009).Some states fork over considered a form of commitment called civil union this is a form of relationship that is somewhat standardised a marriage (About.com Guide, 2012). Civil unions are legal contracts between tellners that are recognized by a state or government as conferring all or some of the nears conferred by marriage, but without the implicit historic and religious meaning associated with the word marriage(About.com Guide, 2012). They are not benefited any of the federal official benefits of marriage much(prenominal) as social security. This is still a problem for some religious people in the world today who believe God made Adam and Eve not Adam and Steve. Many politicians mystify said they are against gay marriage but they leave it up to the states to decide whether or not to support it. Several states have granted limited marriage benefits to gays but call them domestic partnerships. golf club talks about how every superstar should be treated fairly, because of rights and justice, but do not essential to embarrass homosexuals. well up it would be unethical to not allow part of hostelry the right to mania someone justbecause that person that they love whitethorn be of the same sex. Homosexuals are human beings and they do have rights that should not be denied of them because some people think of them as divergent. Homosexuals love and need love just like oppositewises and this is a need. Love is need and a right for all human beings. Rather you are receiving it from a brother, an aunt, or just a neighbor, we as humans desire this sole(prenominal) a daily basis. When we refuse this by not allowing same sex couples to marry just because the person is of the same sex, this is considered unethical.Deontological ethics betoken rights and duties. This would make same sex marriage wrong. Deontology says God does not like homosexuality and that it is not a right, claiming because the bible says this. In this blood, everyone does not believe in the bible and the bible is interpreted in so many, many ways. So this really makes for no real argument. People who are against homosexuality will be for this argument. The arguments against gay marriage are starting to be very weak. whiz argument is of marriage itself. One may argue that marriage is between a man and a woman. Marriage is a union between two people who love each other and God. This truly makes it hard to believe that it should be legal.Where another may say marriage is between two people who love each other for better or worse. Christians look and check up on that same sex marriage is against Gods will. A common Christian is to follow the word of God. Some Christians believe that the biblical rules are ancient and these desires should not be amended.Christian followers said that God commanded that his followers do not engage in homosexual relations. Christians strongly believe that if God say that something is wrong, then it is wrong. Christians should also read on to fool that we are all gods childr en and he accepts us for who we are. I thought God created us all as equal. Then there are the people who do not believe in God and they may say that the bible is being interpreted wrong and people believe what they want to believe. They would say who are we to tell someone who they love or marry. Taking away homosexuals right to marry is against the rules. Another argument would be that gays sensnot bear children. True, they cannot, but they can contribute to society by allowing children to be perk upd in a two parent home and children will have a better chance a life.This helps out a lot of children who are orphans or foster kids. Women who cannotbare children are allowed to adopt and raise children, so why are homosexuals any different. The utilitarianism will say that there is a solution for this. If we can have a marriage between black and white races, why cannot we have a marriage between same sexes? If a marriage is supposed to be between two people who love each other and want to spend the rest of their life together, then what is the problem? In the learning ability of a Utilitarian no one in the society can see or holler who shall have a relationship. If same sex marriage or relationships are so wrong excrete a good reason besides that it is not the norm of religion.Utilitarianism will ask, How will same sex marriages hurt anyone? I do not believe that same sex marriages will harm any adult but what about the children. Since same sex couples are allowed to adopt, there will be other children out there asking questions and wondering why they have two moms or two dads. If everyone is created equal, should this include the gays and lesbians? Telling them that they do not have the right to marry is taking away their human rights. without delay is taking away someone humans right wrong?Defense of Marriage Act prohibits federal recognition of same sex marriage and allows states to refuse to recognize such marriages performed in other states. The tho states in the U.S. that perform marriages between same sex couples are Connecticut, District of Columbia, Iowa, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York and Vermont. In 2001, the Netherlands became the first country to open the civil marriage to same sex couples. Same sex couples are fighting for the right of their human rights and to be treated fairly slowly it is coming around for them. ethical egoism contrast that homosexuals getting a chance at love by marriage is a privilege, just like it is for anyone else. This is not wrong, it is right. Humans have a right to choose the person they want to spend the rest of their life with, even if this person is of the same sex. When the constitution was made, it not state exceptions for legitimate rights to certain people, it is to all of society. People choose to be homosexual because they feel as if they were born to be this way and why should anyone try to change that? Homosexual may ask, Who are we hurting? Homosexuals have a right to f ight for what is right for them and what they believe should be equallygiven to them as humans. If they feel that it is right for them to love a person of the same sex, then let them. They may feel that they are the beat fit parents for children these days, because they both can support these children and give them a happy life. At the same time, do not deny them what is rightfully theirs. Ethical egoism is a homosexual own thought as how same sex marriage is not wrong but right because it does not harm anyone and it is ones right. Same sex marriage is an ongoing issue because of many reasons.People if todays society is beginning to realize that it is better to get to know homosexuals and understand them. They are no different from all of us. Homosexuals live and breathe air just like any normal human-being. They should not be told that they cannot marry because the person that they want to marry is not who we think they should be marrying. Homosexuality is a part of the norms thes e days. If society denies homosexuals the right to get married, then they are defining them of their rights. This issue does not hurt any one person at all. Love is what marriage is all about, whether it is a same sex couple or the opposite sex that is trying to get married. I understand that some people and Christians see this as a sin, but judging is a sin also and who are we to judge.People should not judge a book by its cover, and who saying that my grandma uses, meaning it may look full-grown on the outside, but when you open it and read it you get a different story. Homosexuals are great to society and should be given the right to marry no matter what. It all boils down to God is the only one who can really punish them if it is truly wrong to marry the same sex. Maybe legalizing same sex marriage will affect the world or maybe not. Now this seems really funny to me, but you never know. I do see this as an issue with multiplying though. Parents of the same sexuality cannot ha ve children. There are some good argument and some bad arguments when it comes to the issue of legalizing same sex marriages. There will come a day that the world will come up with a decision that will make everyone happy or maybe not.ReferencesMosser, K (2010).Introduction to ethics and social responsibility, San Diego, Bridgepoint procreation www.thepublicphilospher.com/humanrights-and-gaymarriageDavidson.edu/commomplace/Christian-ethical-argumentsregarding-same-sex-marriages www.ashfordlibrarywww.balancepolitics.org/samesexmarriageHansen, V. Ethical Argument for legalizing gay marriage, (2012) Head, T. Marriage and Rights, (2012)

What evidence is there to suggest that Hamlet Essay Example for Free

What evidence is there to offer that hamlet Es ordainWhat evidence is there to suggest that juncture would get to create a undefeated attr effect of Denmark had he survived? In the final burst Forthinbras decl ars that Hamlet, Was likely, had he been put on, To have proved around royal By examining traits of Hamlets character and comparing his to the characters of others in positions of power I will discuss whether this disceptation is correct. In Act 1 Scene 2 Shakespeare shows Hamlet has many lead qualities. He is miscellany to Horatio when he tries to make out he is a truant. I would not hear your enemy say so.He has created a strong friendship with Horatio and the guards, Marcellus and Barnardo, respect him even though he has not become King. He can discuss his grief all over his fathers death frankly and openly with them. This show of presumption for, and respect from, his piers is very important in a prospective leader. Hamlet is bitingly witty when talk of his fathers funeral and mothers wedding. Thrift, thrift, Horatio. The funeral baked meats Did coldly furnish the marriage tables. This not only shows his bitterness but also his precipitant intelligence. At other points in the play Hamlets intelligence and wit are sh give in his feigned mania.An precedent of this is when he is ridiculing Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. I am but mad north-north-west. When the wind is southerly, I know a chaffer from a handsaw. The meaning of this riddle is clear but Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are clearly bewildered. This shows Hamlets intellectual superiority over his schoolfellows. In Act One Scene Two Hamlet goes on to exhibit his ability to interrogative directence the men very shrewdly about the sightings of the Ghost. His questions are direct, penetrating and enable him to gain the information he needs. This is emphasised by the short, sharp sentences and the hard f sounds used.Then you saw not his face? What, looked he frowningly? This would be a valuable quality for a leader in a crisis when the enlarge needed to be known. Hamlet is shown to have the positive resolution of a leader here as he determines to watch for the Ghost that night. However he never loses sight of reason by universe caught up in the excitement and is still able to reflect on the need for caution. He tells the guards, If you have hitherto concealed this sight, Let it be tenable in your silence still Conversing with the devil goes against the laws of Christianity and so they need to keep the sightings a secret to protect themselves.It is a mark of Hamlets leadership that the men follow him in this. Hamlet is very astute and cannot be easily deceived. He sees through the spies, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, immediately in spite of their efforts at pleasantry. You were sent for and there is a kind of confession in your looks A lesser someone may have trusted them and revealed the whole situation to them but Hamlet does not endanger him self by doing this. He compares them to a sponge that soaks up the kings countenance, his re struggleds, his authorities. When he needs you what you have gleaned, it is but squeezing you, and, sponge, you shall be dry again. This is a very perceptive and truthful image of the way in which Claudius treats them. Shakespeare provides other examples of leadership within Hamlet to highlight Hamlets own qualities or flaws. An example is Claudius, the current King of Denmark. In line of descent to Hamlet he lacks the discerning nature needed in a leader. His failure to grasp the plenteous danger presented by Fortinbras and his advancing army prove fatal to Denmark. Claudius chooses to rely on politics and talks to win his wars and so is fooled by the report brought by his ambassadors.It is clear to the audience that Fortinbras has a strong want for invading Denmark to revenge his fathers murder and the ground that he supposedly fights for in Poland hath in it no reconcile in but the name. Claudius also fails to understand Polonius character and places too much trust on his judgement in state matters. Polonius influence is shown. Thou still hast been the father of good news This misjudgement proves fatal for Claudius because the news Polonius brings of Hamlets madness being that of a disconcert lover in Act Two Scene Two is incorrect.Claudius is distracted from taking any steps to remove Hamlet because of this. Hamlets own perceptiveness is shown again in his spirit of Polonius as he aptly describes him as a foolish, prating knave. However Claudius has qualities such as ruthlessness, that make him a good leader, and which, Hamlet is lacking. When Claudius has realised the full threat Hamlet poses to him he has no quibbles about having him sent to his death in England immediately. Hamlet only possesses this strength when he seals the letter to have Rosencrantz and Guildenstern killed. He declares,They are not near my conscience. Claudius has the character o f a leader who wants to drink and party in the style of royal line with his people. This may make him popular with some but Hamlet takes this view against Claudius custom, It is a custom more(prenominal) honoured in the breach than in the observance. Hamlet has uptight morals that are fitting for a leader who must set an example to his people. Hamlet understands politics and wants the people of Denmark to be respected by those in other countries and not cleped drunkards as they are under Claudius rule.Hamlet feels a greater responsibility for the report of his country than Claudius does and so is more kingly. A quality a political leader shown in two Claudius and Hamlet is their use of language to cover up their true meaning. Hamlet does so in his madness when he produces veiled threats against Claudius in his riddles. Claudius skill is more developed and successful in execution. His opening obstetrical delivery is full of rhetorical artifice he is contradicting himself but th e audience have to listen hard to dispel this up. For example he says.With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage He is talking about the incest that has occurred in his marrying his dead brothers wife but his eloquent language and smooth, flowing speech hides the meaning well. Shakespeare uses junior Fortinbras of Norway as an exact parallel to Hamlets character. His own father has been murdered and his uncle has taken his throne. However Fortinbras is opposite to the reflective, moralising Hamlet. He is a man of umimprovi d mettle hot and full. Fortinbras is uninhibited and can boldly take action to revenge Denmark for his fathers murder.His plan is simple but he easily tricks Claudius and achieves his aim as he takes admit of Denmark in the final scene. Shakespeare shows in Act Four Scene Four that he considers Fortinbras direct alert response is better then Hamlets reflective one as Fortinbras presence makes Hamlet conscious of his own failings. Now whether it be Beast ial oblivion, or some craven scruple Of thinking too precisely on th event- Shakespeare shows how Hamlet moralises over the deed too much and ends up being cowardly. Hamlet cannot equip the intrepid delicate and tender price that can lead twenty thousand men to war for the sake of a straw. The presence of Fortinbras causes Hamlet to take up his fight with resolution. My thoughts be bloody or nothing worth. Through the play we see this growth of Hamlets character a progression to what Fortinbras is able to be. Hamlet overcomes his reticence in allowing Claudius to take his throne by asserting his right to it as he declares in Act Five Scene One, . This is I, Hamlet the Dane At this point Hamlet may truly be called royal and worthy of being King. Despite all Hamlets kingly qualities the view of Ophelia in Act lead Scene One must be considered.She believes that through feigning madness Hamlet has destroyed all the virtues he was previously warrant to. Oh what a nobler mind is here o erthrown This means that Hamlet has disqualified himself from the take chances being elected to the throne as he has destroyed his own self. This may be a just argument but we must consider the true extent of Hamlets insanity and believe that Hamlet would be able to return to his intelligent and discerning self after Claudius death. In the final scene Shakespeare shows us that Hamlet couldnt be successful leader of Denmark.He still has not the tenacity to take his revenge. He only kills Claudius in retaliation to an attack upon himself and not because of any merit of his own. This procrastination would be a serious failing in a prospective leader because ruthless decisions and actions would need to be taken without the moralising that Hamlets character exemplifies. His other qualities, though still intact despite the feigned madness, would not chastise for his lack of resolution. Shakespeare highlights this flaw by including the characters of Claudius and Fortinbras who are both ruthless and decisive.